Energy & engineering

1. Energy, balance and performance indicators
2. Measuring and optimising the electricity bill
3. Tropical buildings: envelope, air-conditioning, lighting
4. Industry (1): motors, pumps, fans and compressed air
5. Industry (2): heat, steam and refrigeration
6. Audit method and standards (ISO 50001, ISO 50002)
7. Measurement and verification of savings (IPMVP)
8. Economic & financial analysis: payback, NPV, energy performance contracts
9. Workshop: auditing a site (fictional) and final review

Key labs

• Energy balance, units and indicators
• Load curve and electricity bill
• Building energy audit

1. The utility-scale PV market
2. Site selection and project development
3. Solar resource and weather campaign
4. PV modules
5. Fixed-tilt structures and trackers
6. Civil and structural engineering
7. Electrical design
8. Grid compliance
9. Energy simulation
10. Energy yield post-processing
11. Construction, commissioning and operation
12. Economics, financing and design review

Key labs

• Sun path and shading
• Site selection and buildable area
• Solar resource, transposition and site adaptation

1. Storage in power systems
2. Electrochemical technologies: from cell to container
3. Services and use cases
4. Sizing: power, energy and efficiency
5. Degradation, warranties and augmentation
6. Coupling with solar PV
7. Conversion, control and grid integration
8. Fire safety and HSE
9. Storage economics and financing
10. Commissioning, operation and design review

Key labs

• From cell to container
• Sizing a storage system (MW, MWh, PCS)
• Round-trip efficiency and auxiliaries

1. Wind energy worldwide and in Africa
2. Wind physics and aerodynamics
3. Measuring and analysing the resource
4. Long-term correlation and resource uncertainty
5. Turbines: components, classes and power curves
6. Wakes and micro-siting
7. Energy yield: gross and net AEP and P50/P90
8. Civil works, transport and construction
9. Electrical systems and grid connection
10. Environment, neighbours and acceptance
11. Operation, maintenance and offshore wind
12. Economics, financing and design review

Key labs

• Wind statistics: Weibull and roses
• Met mast: shear, turbulence and IEC class
• Air density and power curve

1. Electricity access and electrification choices
2. Demand: estimating, profiling, projecting
3. Architecture of a hybrid mini-grid
4. Sizing and simulating a hybrid system
5. System economics and optimisation
6. The mini-grid’s distribution network
7. Tariffs, business models and regulation
8. Integrating variable renewables into the grid
9. Stability and grid codes
10. Projects, African cases and design review

Key labs

• Least-cost electrification
• Estimating a village’s demand
• First sizing of a hybrid system

1. Overview of dispatchable renewables
2. Hydrology and the water resource
3. Hydropower plants: principles and turbines
4. Small hydro and large schemes
5. Environment, society and major African cases
6. Geothermal: resource and drilling
7. Geothermal power plants
8. Solid biomass and cogeneration
9. Biogas, biofuels and sustainability
10. Economics, technology comparison and project review

Key labs

• Hydrology: catchment, gaugings and flow duration
• Design floods and environmental flow
• Turbine selection and speed

1. Hydrogen in the energy transition
2. Electrochemistry and electrolysers
3. Electrolysis technologies
4. Coupling with renewable energy
5. Water, utilities and site layout
6. Storage, compression and transport
7. Derivatives: ammonia, methanol and steel
8. Safety, standards and certification
9. Economics, policy and project review

Key labs

• Efficiency chains and carbon intensity
• Electrolyser: polarisation, Faraday and system
• Choosing an electrolysis technology

1. The power market and the role of independent producers
2. Anatomy of a PPA: capacity, energy, take-or-pay, term
3. Risk allocation and force majeure
4. Guarantees, security and government support
5. Procurement: tenders, auctions, direct negotiation
6. Economic & financial analysis: tariff, LCOE, offtaker impact and bankability
7. Reference programmes: auctions and national procurement programmes
8. Special PPAs and boilerplate that matters
9. Workshop: negotiating a PPA end to end

Key labs

• Tariff and LCOE simulator
• Take-or-pay, deemed energy and curtailment
• Commissioning: delay and performance damages

1. Natural gas: composition, quality, units and resources
2. Upstream: from reservoir to sales gas
3. Pipeline transport
4. LNG: liquefaction, shipping, floating regasification
5. Gas contracts: take-or-pay, indexation, term
6. Gas plants: turbines, combined cycle, efficiency
7. Economic & financial analysis: gas price, cost per kWh, structuring and currency risk
8. Environment: emissions, flaring, transition
9. Case study: a gas-to-power project in West Africa (fictional)

Key labs

• Gas quality and industry units
• Production profile, cost of supply and flaring
• Pipeline: hydraulics, compression and tariff

1. Network architecture: transmission, sub-transmission, distribution
2. Demand forecasting and planning
3. Lines: sizing, voltage drop and losses
4. Substations, transformers, reliability and safety
5. Load flow and N-1 planning
6. Regional interconnections and power pools
7. Technical and commercial losses, smart meters
8. Economic & financial analysis: network cost, transmission tariff, financing models (public, PPP, lenders)
9. Case study: electrifying a region (fictional)

Key labs

• Three-phase and per-unit
• Demand forecast and adequacy
• MV feeder: voltage drop, conductor size and reactive power

1. What is a PPP? Forms and legal frameworks
2. Identifying, prioritising and preparing projects
3. Risk allocation
4. Payment mechanisms: user-pay and availability
5. Economic & financial analysis: value for money (VfM), public sector comparator, financial model
6. Procurement: tender, competitive dialogue
7. Contingent liabilities and fiscal sustainability
8. Contract management and renegotiation
9. Case study: a road PPP (fictional)

Key labs

• PPP forms, players and “who pays?”
• Cost-benefit analysis and multi-criteria selection
• Risk allocation matrix